It is the mission of the Boy Scouts of America to serve others by helping to instill values in young people, and in other ways to prepare them to make ethical choices over their lifetime in achieving their full potential. It is also a way to develop future leaders. The world has changed, but the basic concepts of Scouting have remained constant, with values, aims, and methods that continue to mold boys into exceptional adults.

Ideals

The ideals of Scouting are spelled out in the Scout Oath, Scout Law, Scout Motto, Scout Slogan, and Outdoor Code. The Scout measures himself against these ideals and continually tries to improve. The goals are high, and as he reaches for them, he has some control over what he becomes.

1. Scout Oath - On my honor, I will to do my best to do my duty to God and my country; to obey the Scout Law, to help other people at all times, to keep myself physically strong, mentally awake and morally straight.

2. Scout Law - A Scout is: trustworthy, loyal helpful, friendly, courteous, kind, obedient, cheerful, thrifty, brave, clean and reverent.

3. Scout Motto - Be prepared.

4. Scout Slogan - Do a good turn daily.

5. Outdoor Code - As an American, I will do my best to be clean in my outdoor manners, be careful with fire, be considerate in the outdoors, and be conservation-minded.

Patrols

Grouping boys into patrols of 4 to 8 boys provides opportunities for leadership, teamwork, and competition. These small groups determine troop activities through their elected representatives, Patrol Leaders, who participate on the Patrol Leadership Council (PLC).

First year scouts are usually grouped together in a New Scout Patrol so that they can work together as a unit toward their goal of First Class. At some point during or shortly after that first year, they may then be integrated into other patrols, which include Scouts at various levels of experience. This is often done in February or March, when Webelos usually cross over.

Outdoors

Scouting is designed to take place outdoors. It is in the outdoors that Scouts share responsibilities, learn to live with each other, and test the skills that they have learned at troop meetings and previous outings. Being close to nature helps Scouts gain an appreciation for God's handiwork and mankind's place in it. The outdoors is the laboratory for Scouts to learn ecology and practice conservation of nature's resources.

Troop 212 will have outings monthly except in the summer months during which the troop attends summer camp for a week and one or two other outings (one advanced trip and one fun trip). Attendance at summer camp is essential for younger Scouts and is strongly recommended for scouts at higher levels. Camp provides the best opportunity for first year Scouts to progress to First Class and is the most expedient way for older Scouts to earn merit badges. We will usually attend summer camp in a mountainous region within a day’s drive. We will also plan an annual high adventure outing to provide older Scouts a more challenging experience.

Rank Advancement

Scouting provides a series of challenges for boys to overcome at their own pace. The Scout is rewarded for each achievement, which helps him gain self-confidence. The steps in the advancement system help a boy learn important skills, grow in self-reliance, and increase his ability to help others. Here are the steps for earning each rank:

1. Skill Acquisition - The Scout learns by actively participating in troop and patrol meetings and outings. This learning is the natural outcome of his regular Scouting activities, especially while on camping trips.

2. Active Participation – Scouts must actively participate in troop and patrol functions and demonstrate to leaders that they are practicing the ideals of Scouting. The Scoutmaster must certify this “Scout Spirit” requirement for advancement. Participation in less than 70% of meetings and 50% of outings will significantly diminish the Scout’s chances of earning the Scout Spirit requirement.

3. Sign-off - Requirements for each rank are found in the Boy Scout Handbook. When the Scout has mastered a skill or completed a requirement, he should have the appropriate leader check off the requirement in his book. In most cases, this leader will be the Patrol Leader, Troop Guide, Senior Patrol Leader, Asst Scoutmaster, OR Scoutmaster.

4. Scoutmaster Conference - When the Scout has completed all requirements for a particular rank (Scout, Tenderfoot, Second Class etc), he arranges a conference with the Scoutmaster. The best times for these are: Mondays following outings when the Board of Review supplants the regular meeting, before regular troop meetings, and during camping trips. This is NOT a formal meeting or retest of skills, but an informal discussion to:

- Make sure the Scout is ready for the next rank and ensure he completed all the necessary requirements and that they are signed off in his book.

- Sign off on Scout Spirit and participation requirements (see b above)

- Build rapport.

- Explore problems of any sort.

- Determine the quality of his troop experience - Scouts should share any thoughts on his experience in the troop setting.

- Set goals – The Scout should be ready to discuss what he would like to accomplish next within the scouting program

5. Board of Review - For each rank except Scout, the Scout will participate in a Board of Review with a few members of the Troop Committee. The Scout arranges the Board of Review with the Troop Committee Chairman (Rehder), Scoutmaster (Watkins), or Advancement Chairman (Hunter). Boards of Review are usually scheduled on Mondays following outings – the Scout merely needs to show up at 7:00pm, in class A uniform, with his book. The purpose of this review is to:

- Ensure the scout has completed all necessary requirements for advancement.

- Determine the quality of his troop experience.

- Encourage him to advance toward his next rank.

- For Eagle, there is an additional Council Board of Review.

6. Recognition - When a Scout is certified by the Scoutmaster or Board of Review, he is awarded his new rank badge as soon as possible - normally in a ceremony at the next troop meeting. He will also be recognized at the troop's Court of Honor, which is held once or twice each year. At the court of honor, the scout will get a card recognizing the advancement. The card serves as proof of advancement and should not be lost. Advancement binders are maintained to document each Scout’s progress, and TroopMaster software is used separately to track progress, update the council, and publish reports.

Merit Badges

1. Purpose - To advance beyond First Class, Scouts learn and practice skills covering over 120 widely varying subjects. Boys should develop a plan for this merit badge work during frequent Scoutmaster conferences so that they can establish appropriate goals and maximize their chances for success.

2. Application Process – After discussing merit badge goals with Scoutmaster and determining which badges to work on, Scouts obtain Merit Badge Applications (“blue cards”) signed by the Scoutmaster and a pamphlet for the specific MB. Scouts must then seek out, with a buddy, the appropriate adult Merit Badge Counselor to initiate the work. The MBC will help plan, guide, motivate, and verify Scouts’ work.

3. Testing – When the Scout feels he is ready to demonstrate his knowledge and skill, he makes an appointment with the MBC to be tested. In many cases, the counselor will not judge the Scout proficient in the MB and will ask the Scout to do some additional work and return at another time to be retested. When the MBC is satisfied that the Scout has passed all requirements of the badge, he will sign the card and keep the MBC copy. The other two parts of the card are turned in to the Scoutmaster who signs both and returns one to the Scout to file in his binder.

4. Merit Badge Counselors – The most current list of MBC’s may be found on the troop website here: .

5. Rank MB Requirements – Merit Badge requirements for Star, Life, and Eagle ranks are contained in the Scout Handbook.

6. Merit Badge Info – More information on merit badges, including summary of requirements, is available on the Merit Badge Resources page, MeritBadge.org and US Scouts Merit Badges.

Other Advancement Opportunities

The troop will provide opportunities for Scouts to learn with such programs as:

1. Hiking Awards

- 50 Miler – hiking 50 miles over 5 consecutive days

- Historic Trails – hiking and camping on historic trails

2. Service, Conservation, Scoutcraft

- Den Chief Service – service as aid to Cub Scout den

- Fireman Chit – safe use of campfires and cooking fires

- Totin’ Chip – safe use of knife, ax, and saw

- Paul Bunyan – forestry work with wood tools

- Leave No Trace – hiking and camping while leaving nature undisturbed

- Hornaday – distinguished service in conservation

- World Conservation – ecology and conservation

3. Aquatics

- Boardsailing BSA (windsurfing)

- BSA Lifeguard

- Mile Swim BSA

- Snorkeling BSA

- Kayaking BSA

- Scuba BSA

4. Other

- Religious Emblem

- Crime Prevention

- Donor Awareness

- International Activity

- Interpreter – translation of foreign language

- National Court of Honor, Lifesaving, and Merit Awards

- Recruiter

- Young American

Documentation

Rank cards and merit badge cards serve as written proof of completion and award. These cards, along with other items documenting the Scout’s advancement, attendance, and service should be kept in the Scout’s personal advancement binder. Advancement data is also maintained in the Troop Advancement binder and on TroopMaster software (published on the T212 web page for easy reference). Please notify the Scoutmaster of any discrepancies between personal records and TroopMaster reports as soon as you are aware of them.

Adult Association

Adult Scout Leaders - See Troop Organization below for more information on Scouters.

Parents - The most significant change from Cub Scouts is that the boys, not the adults, lead the Boy Scout troop. The parents’ role is to be supportive of the Troop's efforts and to provide the atmosphere Scouts need to learn and excel. Parents should try to:

- Read their Scout's handbook and understand the purpose and methods of Scouting.

- Attend an informal orientation meeting with the Scoutmaster.

- Actively follow their Scout's progress and offer encouragement and a push when needed.

- Attend all Troop Courts of Honor.

- Assist, as requested, in all Troop fund-raisers and other such activities.

- Be aware of the Troop program and annual calendar.

- Encourage full participation in meetings, outings, and service

- Encourage proper uniform attire

- Praise, praise, praise raise him for learning something new, accomplishing a goal, serving his community

- Check email and web pages frequently; share info with him; teach & encourage him to get this on his own

- Respond when he asks for your help with scouts

- Help him to figure things out on his own by asking relevant, leading questions to provoke thought or action

- Participate in instruction or outings when appropriate

- Providing transportation when needed

- Serving as Merit Badge Counselor where you have special skills, training, or experience

- Take him to worship services and help him fulfill his duty to God

Personal Growth

As Scouts plan their activities and progress towards their goals, they experience personal growth. Boys grow as they participate in community service projects and do Good Turns for others. The religious emblems program is also a large part of the personal growth objective. Scoutmaster conferences help Scouts to evaluate their own personal growth and establish future goals.

Leadership Development

Scouting encourages boys to learn and practice leadership skills. Every Scout has the opportunity to participate in both shared and total leadership situations. Understanding the concepts of leadership helps a boy accept the leadership roles of others and guides him toward the citizenship aim of Scouting. The troop will provide intensive junior leadership training sessions at least annually and periodically as needed.

Uniform

The uniform makes the Scout troop visible, creates a positive youth image in the community, shows the Scout’s commitment to the Scouting program, gives Scouts a sense of unity, and provides a way for Scouts to show what they have accomplished.

Class A Uniform

Long or short sleeve Scout shirt

Green or olive drab pants or shorts
BSA belt

Scout socks
Bolo & neckerchief is optional

Class B Uniform

Long or short sleeve scouting or FPC shirt

Green or olive drab pants or shorts

BSA belt

Scout socks

Unless otherwise instructed, Scouts must make every effort to wear a Class A uniform to all weekly meetings, Courts of Honor, travel to outdoor events, and evening meals at summer camp. Failure to wear the Class A uniform will result in counseling, and may result in a written notice to the scout’s parent(s) or guardian(s).

Uniform is one of the factors considered in the Scout Spirit rank requirement. Scouts habitually out of uniform should not expect the Scoutmaster to sign off on Scout Spirit.

Uniforms may be purchased at the Cape Fear Council Scout Shop located at 110 Longstreet Drive in Wilmington (off Shipyard Blvd., east of Independence). Proper placement of insignia can be found in the front cover of the Scout Handbook or in the diagram below. When a Scout outgrows his uniform or patches, he is encouraged to donate them to the troop closet so that it may be redistributed to younger scouts.

Troop

Schools, community and religious organizations, and groups, with the help of the BSA, organize Cub Scout packs, Boy Scout troops, Varsity Scout teams, and Venturer crews for children and youth. They manage these units and control the program of activities to support the goals and objectives of the chartered organizations. When community organizations establish a new unit, they appoint a chartered organization representative to provide leadership in the selection of a committee of adults that will provide overall supervision for the unit's program. The committee then selects the adult unit leaders who will work with the youth. The chartered organization also arranges for adequate meeting facilities for the unit and promotes the full use of the program, including outings, advancement, recognition, and, most importantly, Scout values.

Troop History

Prior to 2002, the church did have a troop. However, historical background of that troop’s activities is unfortunately hazy. In 2002, First Presbyterian pastor Dr. Ernest T. Thompson III appointed Jeff Hunter as Chartered Organization Representative who then assembled the Cub Scout Pack Committee, chaired by Dr. Edward Weaver Jr. Cub Scout Pack 212 was chartered to First Presbyterian Church on January 31, 2002. Two years later, on January 31, 2004, Boy Scout Troop 212’s charter was granted to the church naming largely the same principals as leaders of the organization and Robert Rehder as Troop Committee Chairman.

The first class of Boy Scouts crossed over to Troop 212 on April 5, 2004 to form the Hawk Patrol. Two weeks later, a few older boys with little Scouting experience joined the troop. Elections were held on May 3^rd and the following slate of leaders was elected: Senior Patrol Leader- Jay Roberts; ASPL- Murphy McFarland; Hawk PL- Max Watkins. In mid-summer, a few more joined, the Rattlesnake Patrol was formed, and Ethan Mairs was elected PL. The two patrols created their charters at Junior Leadership Training in August. The troop’s outing year culminated in a 3 day, 15 mile backpacking trip in Uwharrie National Forest. In November, elections were held: SPL- Ethan Mairs; ASPL- Zach Swartzlander; Hawk PL- Joe Coulter; Rattlesnake PL- Cole Roberts.

In February 2005, five Pack 212 Webelos earned their Arrow of Light and crossed over to join the troop and form the Panther patrol for New Scouts. Two weeks later, elections were held: SPL- Max Watkins; ASPL- Nash Jenkins; Hawk PL- Adam Hunter; Rattlesnake PL- Sam Watkins.

The Panther patrol was used as the New Scout Patrol until February 2010, when 13 New Scouts joined the troop and were distributed to the three patrols. Eli Edwards was elected first Patrol Leader of the Panthers.

Date	Scoutmaster	Senior Patrol Leader	Assistant SPL	Hawk Patrol Leader	Rattlesnake Patrol Leader	Panther Patrol Leader
2/04-8/04	Craig Watkins	Jay Roberts	Murphy McFarland	Max Watkins	Ethan Mairs
8/04-2/05	Craig Watkins	Ethan Mairs	Zach Swartzlander	Joe Coulter	Cole Roberts
2/05-8/05	Craig Watkins	Max Watkins	Nash Jenkins	Adam Hunter	Sam Watkins
8/05-2/06	Craig Watkins	Glenn Richardson	Adam Hunter	Ward McLean	Reid Richardson
2/06-8/06	Craig Watkins	Quinn Richardson	Adam Hunter	Mac Jones	Max Watkins
8/06-2/07	Craig Watkins	Mac Jones	Conor Dugan Clark Harrison	Weston Gainey	Trent Bullard
2/07-8/07	Craig Watkins	Conor Dugan	Ward McLean	Weston Gainey	Trent Bullard
8/07-2/08	Craig Watkins	Ward McLean	Adam Hunter Weston Gainey Mason Fisher	Nash Jenkins	Sam Watkins
2/08-11/08	Jeff Hunter	Adam Hunter	Weston Gainey	Nash Jenkins	Sam Watkins
11/08-5/09	Jeff Hunter	Robert Loweth	Weston Gainey	Johnny Atkinson	Steven Tinsley
5/09-12/09	Jeff Hunter	Trent Bullard	Alex Bullard	Andrew Stoycos	John Robert King
12/09-	Jeff Hunter	Alex Tate	Mason Fisher	Andrew Stoycos	Marky Fleishman	Eli Edwards

Organization

Troop 212 is a participating member of the Masonboro District of the Cape Fear Council, Boy Scouts of America. The Troop's organization consists of a Chartered Organization, a Troop Committee, the Troop, and the Troop's Parents.

Chartered Organization (Sponsor)

Every Troop belongs to an organization. The Chartered Organization for Troop 212 is First Presbyterian Church. The Chartered Organization shares our objectives for the boys and insures that there is adequate, trained leadership, provides a place for us to meet, and makes available other resources to carry out the troop’s mission. A Chartered Organization Representative (Jeff Hunter) acts a liaison between us and the church.

Troop Committee

The Troop Committee Functions as an administration and support organization for the Troop. The Troop Committee takes care of the non-program issues surrounding the Troop. For example: Troop funds, fund raising activities, membership drives and Pack coordination, activity permits and coordination, advancement records, procurement and maintenance of Troop equipment. The Committee meets on the second Monday of each month at 8:00pm in Room 101. The meetings are open and attendance is encouraged by all parents and other interested adults. The Troop Committee consists of the following positions:

· Chairman

· Chartered Organization Representative

· Secretary

· Treasurer

· Outdoor Activities Coordinator

· Advancement Coordinator

· Chaplain

· Training Coordinator

· Equipment Coordinator

· Service Coordinator

· Eagle Coordinator

· Fund Raising Coordinator

Roster

The Troop roster with Scouts, Scouters, phone numbers, rank, patrol, and leadership position is available at: http://troop212bsa.com/report/roster.pdf

Organization chart

A rough org chart is available at: http://troop212bsa.com/report/orgchart.htm

Scoutmaster

The Scoutmaster is the adult responsible for the image and program of the troop. The Scoutmaster and his Assistant Scoutmasters work directly with the Scouts. The importance of the Scoutmaster's job is reflected in the fact that the quality of his guidance will affect every youth and adult involved in the troop. The Scoutmaster can be male or female, but must be at least 21 years old. The Scoutmaster is appointed by the chartered organization. The Scoutmaster's duties include:

General

§ Train and guide boy leaders.

§ Work with other responsible adults to bring Scouting to boys.

§ Use the methods of Scouting to achieve the aims of Scouting.

Meetings

§ Meet regularly with the patrol leaders' council (PLC) for training and coordination in planning troop activities.

§ Attend all troop meetings or, when necessary, arrange for a qualified adult substitute.

§ Attend troop committee meetings.

§ Conduct periodic parents' sessions to share the program and encourage parent participation and cooperation.

§ Take part in annual membership inventory and uniform inspection, charter review meeting, and charter presentation.

Guidance

§ Conduct Scoutmaster conferences for all rank advancements.

§ Provide a systematic recruiting plan for new members and see that they are properly registered.

§ Delegate responsibility to other adults and groups (assistants, troop committee) so that they have a real part in troop operations.

§ Supervise troop elections for the Order of the Arrow.

Activities

§ Make it possible for each Scout to experience at least 10 days and nights of camping each year.

§ Participate in council and district events.

§ Build a strong program by using proven methods presented in Scouting literature.

§ Conduct all activities under qualified leadership, safe conditions, and the policies of the chartered organization and the Boy Scouts of America.

Assistant Scoutmasters

§ Responsible for specific program duties

§ Reports to the Scoutmaster

§ Help provide required two-deep leadership

§ Serve in the Scoutmaster's absence

§ Serve as advisor to New Scout patrol

§ Serve as advisor to Venture patrol

Scout Leaders

Senior Patrol Leader (SPL)

§ In charge of troop meetings from beginning to end

§ Chair of the Patrol Leaders Council

§ In charge of the troop’s schedule

§ Responsible for schedule and conduct of camping trips

§ Responsible for the smooth operation of the troop

§ Senior scout elected by the troop and approved by the Scoutmaster

Assistant Senior Patrol Leader (ASPL)

§ Responsible for the smooth operation of the troop and events in the absence of the SPL

§ Appointed by the Senior Patrol Leader and approved by the Scoutmaster

§ Acts as Senior Patrol Leader in his absence

§ Trains and directs Quartermaster, Scribe, Historian, Librarian, and Instructors

Troop Guide

§ Mentors members of the new scout patrol

§ Helps patrol leader of the new scout patrol, much like the Scoutmaster with the SPL

§ Responsible for providing direction, coaching and support to the new scout patrol

§ Senior scout (at least First Class rank)

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster.

Quartermaster

§ In charge of supplies and equipment

§ Maintains current inventory of troop equipment and material condition

§ Controls check out and replacement of inventory

§ Works closely with a member of the troop committee

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster

Chaplain Aide

§ Conducts religious services (the prayer) at meetings and camping trips

§ Sees that religious holidays are considered during troop program planning

§ Promotes the Scouting religious emblems program

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster

Historian

§ Records and maintains the history of the troop

§ Collects and preserves troop photographs, news stories, trophies, flags, scrapbooks, awards

§ Maintains the contact list for former scouts from the troop

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster

Instructor

§ Trains the rest of the troop in essential Scouting skills that they have mastered

§ Works with other members of the troop, assisting them in learning Scouting skills

§ May be more than one instructor in the troop

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster

Librarian

§ Maintains control and care of all troop-owned books and publications

§ Checks out these materials and maintains records to ensure that everything is returned

§ Suggest acquiring new or replacement of worn materials

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster

Scribe

§ The troop's secretary

§ Responsible for the administrative recording of troop activities

§ Keeps a logbook of PLC meeting discussions

§ Records attendance and uniform inspections during troop meetings

§ Works with a member of the troop committee regarding advancement records

§ Appointed by the Scoutmaster

Troop Goals

The goals listed below were developed by the Scoutmaster after seeking guidance from and approval by the Troop Committee. The committee has not formally acted on the goals; so they should be viewed as tentative.

Membership

Increase number of active Scouts by at least 10% annually

Work with Pack 212 Webelos on at least one outdoor event & one other event

National Quality Unit Award each year

Training - SM will complete Fast Start and BLT

Two-Deep Leadership - 1 or more ASM’s registered, trained, and active.

Outdoor Activities - 6 activities (hikes, campouts, trips, tours, etc.) & attend a BSA long-term camp.

On-Time Charter Renewal - Complete charter renewal before its current charter expires.

Planned Program - Annual program planning conference, publish troop calendar, present to parents.

Service Project - Conduct service project, preferably for the chartered organization or the community.

Advancement - 60% or more to advance a rank, or 10% increase in total rank advancement.

Boys’ Life - Boys’ Life to the homes of all our Boy Scout members, or 10% increase over a year ago.

Membership - Renew charter with an equal or greater number of youth registered over a year ago.

Patrol Method - Conduct Troop Junior Leader Training and hold monthly PLC meetings.

2 patrols of at least 5 each by second year (1/31/05)

3 patrols of at least 5 each by third year (1/31/06)

Advancement

First Year (4/1/04-1/31/05):

80% of new Scouts to earn Tenderfoot before first summer camp

80% of new Scouts to earn Swimming Merit Badge before first summer camp

80% of new Scouts to earn Second Class in first 6 months

80% to earn Firem’n Chit and Totin’ Chip in first 6 months

80% to earn First Class by end of first year

By Second Year (thru 1/31/06):

80% to earn Camping MB

50% to earn Hiking MB

80% to earn MB’s sufficient for Star by end of second summer camp

50% Scouts to earn Leave No Trace

20% Scouts to earn Hornaday Badge

50% to earn Mile Swim

1 to earn Life rank

Troop Guide to work with new Scouts

All Years:

80% of all new scouts to earn First Class within their first year

80% to attend summer camp

80% to advance at least one rank

Troop service project for FPC

3 JLT sessions – at least 2 Position introductions; 1 JLT full day group training

Participate in at least 1 council level event (Camporee, Scout Show, etc.)

Outdoor Program

First Year (by 1/31/05):

1 outing with focus on a nature badge

Camp at least 20 nights (includes summer camp)

1 3-day 15-miler backpacking trip

3 10-mile hikes

1 snow sport outing

Unit trailer ready and packed for use – not possible due to church use

By Second Year (by 1/31/06):

1 outing afloat

1 shooting sport outing

5 10-mile hikes

1 20-mile hike

2 Backpacking 15-milers

Camp at least 40 nights

Acquire sufficient troop/patrol equipment

By third Year:

1 High Adventure outing (camp-affiliated adventure, or our own AT 5-day 50-miler)

1 out-of-state outing

Adult Leadership

Scouters:

All to complete YPT & Fast Start

50% to complete BLT

1 ASM to earn Scouter’s Training Award in 2 yrs

Counselors for 30 MB’s by first year

Counselors for 60 MB’s by second year

At least 1 Scouter to attend every Roundtable

Serve as MBC for at least 2 MB’s every year

Serve as MBC for at least 5 Scouts every 2 years

Scoutmaster:

Annual Planning Conference & presentation of calendar to Scout families

Conduct at least 3 JLT sessions

Report to Troop Committee at least quarterly

Report to FPC Fellowship Committee at least annually

Prepare annual preliminary budget

Prepare annual FPC budget funding request & deliver to Fellowship chair

Treasury Report to TC at least annually

Attend at least 1 supplemental training course each year

Complete Wood Badge by second year

Scoutmaster’s Award of Merit in 18 months

Boy Scouter’s Training award in 2 yrs

Scoutmaster’s Key in 5yrs

Charter Organization

Make at least one presentation at a Pack 212 mtg

Develop & staff Religious Emblem program in first year

Promote troop through church publications whenever possible

Promote FPC through scouting publications whenever possible

Maintain troop/pack bulletin board

At least 1 service project to benefit FPC annually

Meetings

Regular troop meetings are held Monday evenings at First Presbyterian Church in Room 101 (downstairs main building next to gym) from 7:00 to 8:30p. On some Mondays following outings, there will be no regular meeting, but there will be a Board of Review for those Scouts who are ready for review or Scoutmaster conference. Outings will take place approximately every month during the year.

Membership

Age Requirement: A boy is eligible to join Troop 212 as a Scout no sooner than February 1 of his fifth grade school year.

Attendance

Scouts must, on a regular basis, attend weekly troop meetings and outdoor functions in order to advance in rank or to receive merit badges. “On a regular basis” is quantified to mean 100% attendance is anticipated, 75% attendance is acceptable, less than 75% is not acceptable but does not require action, and 50% attendance is unacceptable and requires a counseling session with the scout and two leaders and a written notice to parent(s) or guardian(s).

Standards of Youth Protection

While there is no way to detect every potential child abuser in advance of attempted or actual abuse, the Boy Scouts of America clearly conveys the message that Scouting is a hostile environment for individuals who want to abuse children. Adults who would like to serve in the troop must provide references, submit to background checks, be approved by the Session, and attend youth protection classes given by BSA and FPC. After selecting the best possible leaders, the BSA structures further protection for children into its programs. The following policies have been adopted by the Boy Scouts of America to provide additional security for youth and to protect adult leaders from situations in which they may be vulnerable to allegations of abuse:

· Two-deep leadership. Two registered adult leaders or one registered adult leader and a parent of a participant, one of whom must be 21 years of age or older, are required on all trips and outings. The chartered organization is responsible for ensuring that sufficient leadership is provided for all activities. This requirement applies to the activities of provisional troops and of the Order of the Arrow.

· No one-on-one contact. One-on-one contact between adults and youth members is not permitted. In situations that require personal interaction such as a Scoutmaster's conference, the meeting should be conducted in view of at least one other adult.

· Respect of privacy. Adult leadership must respect the privacy of youth members in situations such as changing into swimming suits or taking showers at camp. In similar situations, adults should also protect their own privacy.

· Separate accommodations. When camping, no youth is permitted to sleep in the tent of an adult who is not that youth's own parent or guardian. Councils are strongly encouraged to have separate shower and latrine facilities for females. When separate facilities are not available, separate times for male and female use of showers should be scheduled and posted.

· No secret organization. There are no "secret" organizations recognized within the Boy Scouts of America. All aspects of Scouting are open at all times for observation by parents or guardians and troop leaders.

· No hazing. Physical hazing and initiations are prohibited by the Boy Scouts of America and may not be included as part of any Scouting activity.

· Appropriate attire. Proper clothing is required for all Scouting activities. Skinny-dipping is not condoned by the BSA.

Communication

Email

Check email often, especially prior to meetings and outings. Last minute adjustments are often necessary and are usually communicated via email. Make sure your email is current. If the Scout has his own address, send it to the Scoutmaster to be added to the broadcast list.

Web Page

Check the web page for calendar, advancement reports, merit badge help, and other information. http://troop212bsa.com/

Telephone

Scouts who have questions should call his Patrol Leader or Senior Patrol Leader. All phone numbers are listed on the roster at: http://troop212bsa.com/report/phone.pdf . Please note that parents are not mentioned in this procedure.

Concerns

Parents who have any concerns whatsoever should not hesitate to call the Scoutmaster, Assistant Scoutmasters, Troop Committee Chairman, or Committee Members. If parents have questions related to adult supervision, safety, or other committee matters, they should always feel free to contact Troop Committee members (see roster) or Committee Chairman.

Inappropriate Behavior

The goal of the adult leaders is to have a safe, fun Troop for the Scouts. The adult leaders have the right to intervene in any situation that they deem unsafe. If a Scout is unwilling to abide by the requirements of the adult leaders in charge, the adult leader may require a parent to come get the Scout, whether the situation occurs at a Troop meeting or during an outing. Disruptive behavior from any Scout will result in a series of warnings as follows: (a) at the first infraction, the Scout will be given a verbal warning, (b) if the disruptive behavior continues, a meeting will be called with the Scout, two leaders, and the scout’s parent(s) or guardian(s), with a letter of written warning that the Scout’s behavior is unacceptable. (c) if a third infraction occurs, the Scout will be suspended from Troop 212 for 6 months, at which time he may petition the Troop Committee for reinstatement.

Dues

Annual membership dues of $100 are due by January 31 for existing members and within 30 days of joining for new members. Dues cover: BSA membership, shoulder loops, handbooks, rank badges, merit badges, other awards, most camping fees (excluding summer camp), purchase of minor troop equipment, and subscription to Boy’s Life magazine for every household. Not included are: summer camp tuition, food and transportation for outings, and cost of some merit badge materials. A Scout’s dues must be paid and current for the scout to advance in rank or to receive a merit badge. Any Scout who has a verifiable hardship and cannot pay dues or summer camp fees, or activity fees, may appeal to the Troop Committee for relief. The Scouting mission does not seek to preclude any scout from activities due to financial hardship.

Fundraising

Our Troop participates in the annual Trails End Popcorn sale as a fundraiser in the fall. More information is given out at that time. Parents of Cub Scouts will already be familiar with this fundraiser. Other fundraisers may be necessary, especially for more expensive high adventure outings. The Troop Committee will appoint a Fundraising Coordinator to plan and oversee these activities.

First Year Guide

Quick Facts

Troop meetings – Mondays 7:00-8:30p (except 8:00 before Troop Committee meetings), FPC Room 101

Troop Committee (bd of directors) meetings – Second Mondays 8:00p, Room 101

Outings – monthly

Sponsor – First Presbyterian Church

Pastor – Ernie Thompson

Church Rep – Jeff Hunter (Chartered Organization Representative)

Chairman of the Board (Troop Committee Chair) – Robert Rehder

Committee Members – ASM’s (below), At-large: Pat Hogan, Eddie Weaver, Rick Whitford, Robert Loweth

Scoutmaster - Craig Watkins

Asst Scoutmasters – Jay Atkinson, Carlton Fisher, Charles Gainey, John Golden, Jeff Hunter, Catesby Jones, George McLean, Will Moore, Glenn Richardson Jr., Glenn Richardson III, Hunter Tate, Eddie Weaver, Dale Young

Senior Patrol Leader (troop leader) –

Assistant SPL –

Hawk Patrol Leader –

Rattlesnake Patrol Leader –

Panther Patrol Leader –

Initial charter date – February 1, 2004 (there were predecessor FPC troops)

BSA District – Masonboro District (New Hanover County South of Market Street including all of the beach areas

BSA Council – Cape Fear Council (six districts in 8 counties)

Rank progression – Scout, Tenderfoot, Second Class, First Class, Star, Life Eagle

Dues - $100 annual

Basic Calendar:

Feb – “Scout year” begins 2/1; 5th grade Cub Scouts join, middle school ski trip

Mar-May – Spring outings (generally less challenging), Spring Break Great Adventure

June – challenging outing for older scouts; swimming merit badge

July – summer camp (usually in mountains within a day’s drive)

Aug – fun outing (eg Williamsburg/Busch Gardens, court of honor

Sep-Nov – fall outings (generally more challenging)

Dec – lock-in party, sunshine trip

Jan – HS ski trip, court of honor

Joining

Registration

· Fill out a BSA registration

· Pay membership dues ($100 to “BSA Troop 212”)

· Attend meetings and events

Joining Mid-Year

Most boys join in February with the 5^th grade Webelos. However, boys are welcome to join at any time of the year. Simply contact the Scoutmaster to arrange an orientation meeting or just a troop visit. Upon joining, you’ll be grouped with others at the lowest advancement level or, if appropriate, with others closer to your age regardless of rank. Every effort will be made to provide opportunities for you to advance quickly to the level of those in your peer group.

Transferring from another troop

Registration is same as above, form & dues; except that, in cases where the Scout has earned rank advancement, merit badges, etc, a separate transfer form will be sent to the predecessor troop so that the Scout will receive and document credit for work already done. Once the Scoutmaster receives the transfer form, the Scout’s record will be brought up to date and reconciled with council records.

Goals

The goal for new scouts is to earn First Class rank in their first year. The goal of adult and junior leaders is to provide sufficient opportunities to learn and complete the requirements. The first year scouts will usually be grouped together in a New Scout Patrol so they can work together as a unit toward their goal of First Class. After that first year, they may be separated and integrated into other patrols.

New Scouts will normally start regularly attending troop meetings after crossing over from Cub Scouts in February. Then they will attend 2 or 3 spring outings. Regular troop meetings are not usually scheduled during much of the summer, but we try to offer the boys the opportunity to earn their swimming merit badge at a local pool and work towards other merit badges. Regular troop meetings pick back up around the time school starts.

We encourage Scouts to advance in rank with the following goals in mind:

Scout – Within two weeks of joining troop

Tenderfoot – Within three months of joining

Second class – Within 6 months of joining or right after summer camp if sooner

First Class – By end of first year

Meetings

Goal

We try to work on something substantive in troop meetings – either early rank advancement or merit badges, or both. No one wants to attend a meeting where nothing gets done.

Attitude

We ask that you come to meetings with the attitude that you will do your best to accomplish something, however big or small, and will not interfere with those who are focused on progress. We want to have fun so that Scouts will keep coming, but don’t want the fun to detract from the good work.

Uniform

You are expected to dress in class A uniform (see Uniform above). However, we do not want you to avoid attending if you are unable to wear your uniform.

Tools to Bring

You should bring: pencil and paper, Scout Handbook, troop handbook.

Parents’ Role

The parents’ role is to be supportive of the Troop's efforts and to provide the atmosphere Scouts need to learn and excel. Parents should try to:

- Read their Scout's handbook and understand the purpose and methods of Scouting.

- Attend an informal orientation meeting with the Scoutmaster.

- Actively follow their Scout's progress and offer encouragement and a push when needed.

- Attend all Troop Courts of Honor.

- Assist, as requested, in all Troop fund-raisers and other such activities.

- Be aware of the Troop program and annual calendar.

- Encourage full participation in meetings, outings, and service

- Encourage proper uniform attire

- Praise, praise, praise raise him for learning something new, accomplishing a goal, serving his community

- Check email and web pages frequently; share info with him; teach & encourage him to get this on his own

- Respond when he asks for your help with scouts

- Help him to figure things out on his own by asking relevant, leading questions to provoke thought or action

- Participate in instruction or outings when appropriate

- Providing transportation when needed

- Serving as Merit Badge Counselor where you have special skills, training, or experience

- Take him to worship services and help him fulfill his duty to God

Communication

Email

Web Page

Check the web page for calendar, advancement reports, merit badge help, and other information. http://troop212bsa.com .

Telephone

Scouts who have questions should call his Patrol Leader or Senior Patrol Leader. All phone numbers are listed on the roster at: http://troop212bsa.com/report/roster.html. Please note that parents are not mentioned in this procedure.

Concerns

Parents who have any concerns whatsoever should not hesitate to call the Scoutmaster, Troop Committee Chairman, or Committee Members.

Summer Camp

Summer camp is the best opportunity for Scouts to advance in rank and earn merit badges. New Scouts will participate in the camp’s program specifically designed for first year Scouts. They will most likely complete the requirements through Second Class and a large portion of First Class. Scouts who have made sufficient progress may, at the Scoutmaster’s discretion, opt out of the first-year camp program and attend merit badge sessions with the other Scouts.

We will have orientation meetings to provide information on programs, activities, equipment needs, and logistics. Detailed information including the camp leader guide is maintained in the Outing Binder.

http://troop212bsa.com/report/s_camp.htm

Equipment

New Scouts will need to begin acquiring some basic equipment beginning with the first outing and continuing through the years as the Scout takes on more challenging activities. For advice on many of these items, see recommendations on the Troop 212 Equipments Buyer's Guide . Here’s what you’ll need and when:

For the first outing:

§ Decent quality sleeping bag (at least good to 30degF) Don’t scrimp on this!

§ Sleeping pad

§ Small camp pillow (should weigh <8oz)

§ Mess kit (plate or bowl, eating utensils, and a cup or mug; Lexan preferred)

§ Camp chair (optional)

§ Pocketknife

§ First aid kit (band-aids, gauze pads, tape, moleskin, antiseptic, pencil & paper)

§ Rain gear

§ Water bottle (2 1-liter Nalgenes preferred)

§ Flashlight

§ Matches & firestarters

§ Sun protection (hat, screen)

§ Compass

§ Whistle

For summer camp, add:

§ Big rubber tub (camp footlocker is OK)

§ Tarp (6x8’ reinforced)

§ Boots (recommended) (mid-hikers, <= 3lbs)

§ Sandals or water shoes

For the first backpack, add:

§ Backpack & rain cover

§ Cook kit (recommended)

§ Backpacking stove (optional)

Camping & Equipment

Camping

Scouts camp and cook in patrols of 5 to 8 Scouts. They are responsible for their own planning and cooking of meals. Scouts do not share tents with adults (except during certain high adventure outings--in such cases, a Scout may tent with his parent but not with any other adult). A Scout may share a tent with another boy in his Patrol, or he may camp alone.

Planning – Troop 212 maintains an Outing Binder with useful tools for planning a trip. The binder contains: fill-in-the-blank planning guide, menu planner, “Parent’s Guide to Grocery Shopping”, blank duty roster, tour permit forms, transportation list, and troop contact information. Scouts must make a decision to go camping at the meeting prior to the camping trip. If you miss the prior meeting but want to camp, you must inform the Patrol Leader you plan to camp by Tuesday evening.

Assignments - Prior to departure, the Patrol Leader will poll Scouts in his patrol to determine who will be going on the upcoming trip. From those planning to attend, he will assign fire, cooking, clean-up, and post-camp clean-up duties, He will make a list of these assignments and submit a copy to the Senior Patrol Leader.

Meals – The Grubmaster will poll patrol members and determine a general outline for menus and quantities. All Scouts who told their Patrol Leaders that they are planning to go on a trip are responsible for their share of the food cost even if they do not attend the campout, unless the Grubmaster is notified Wednesday night prior to the camping trip. The Grubmaster will purchase the required food with the help of a parent and the “Parent’s Guide to Grocery Shopping”.

Equipment – Prior to departure, the Patrol Leader and Quartermaster will work together to make sure the patrol has adequate troop equipment ready to go and in good shape.

Other Requirements

- Scouts who have not reached the rank of First class must have a Scout Handbook on every camping trip. A camping trip is an ideal time for Scouts to request a Scoutmaster conference for rank advancement.

- Prior to departure, all scouts must turn in a signed permission slip, transportation money (if any) and grub fee. If you do not have these items, you will not be allowed to attend the camping trip.

- If you are assigned post-camp cleanup, clean and turn in all equipment no later than the following meeting night. Inform the Quartermaster of any losses, problems, damage, or repairs needed.

Equipment and Buyer’s Guides

We keep a list of recommended gear for our Scouts online. The cumulative experience of our group is a tremendous resource and should be used to your advantage. The list includes the best values that I can find at the time, plus links to the products offered by online sellers, key specs, pricing, and comments. I encourage you to consult this guide to avoid inappropriate gear and overpaying. Check it often since many of the items are special sale items that sell out quickly. If I come across an exceptional value, I will often send out a “gear hound” email alert.

Troop 212’s Equipment Buyer’s Guide

REI's Advice on Selecting Gear

Before shopping for a backpack, please study these REI guides:

How to Choose a Backpack

Backpack Fitting Guide

Below are other REI guides on equipment choice. Check these out to educate yourself, then use the Troop Buyer’s Guide to whittle down your choices.

Tents	Camp Supplies	Hydration Systems
Backpacks	Hiking Boots	Flashlights/Headlamps
Sleeping Bags	Backpacking Socks	Compasses
Sleeping Pads	Backpacking Clothing	Maps
Backpacking Stoves	Rainwear	GPS Receivers
Fuel Bottles	Water Bottles	Two-Way Radios
Cookware	Water Filters/Purifiers	Knives

Camping Checklist

The checklist below is a general guide and is subject to change from trip to trip. Scouts should always have the Outdoor Essentials with them on all outings whether camping or not. For example, if we are going for a day hike, Scouts should carry their Essentials in a daypack, book bag, or fanny pack. Please refer to Troop 212’s Equipment Buyer’s Guide for recommendations on most of these items.

Scout Outdoor Essentials (pp207-210)	Eating Kit (p264)
Pocketknife	Spoon
First aid kit	Plate (optional)
Changes of clothes	Bowl
Rain gear	Cup or mug
Water Bottle	Personal items
Flashlight	Toiletries
Trail food	Toilet Paper
Matches & firestarters	Insect repellent (non-aerosol)
Sunscreen	Spending money
Map, compass, (add a whistle)	Trash & Ziploc bags
2 liters water per day	Other optional items
Clothing	Watch
Seasonal clothing	Camera
4 pairs of socks - 2 wool, 2 non-cotton liner	Notebook
Boots	Pen/pencil
Hat	Sunglasses
Jacket / sweatshirt (fleece)	Small musical instrument
Raincoat / parka	Extra flashlight batteries
BSA items	Packable ball or Frisbee
Permission slip	Cards, chess, checkers
Medical form	Reading book
Medication (give to adult)	Travel pillow
Class A uniform
Scout book
Grub fee
Camping gear (pp224-225)
Backpack
Pack rain cover
Tent
Sleeping Bag
Sleeping pad
Tarp / ground cloth

Notes:
Class A uniforms are to be worn to and from all outings
All flashlights should be tested before camping trip to make sure they are in working order.
Where siblings are camping together, each scout should bring his own equipment.
Hiking boots should be broken in before the camping trip.
No electronic equipment or trading card games allowed.
When possible, gear should be labeled with scout’s name.
All tents should be checked before camping trip to make sure all parts are included (tent, stakes, poles, rain fly).
Scouts should make sure they can put up and take down/pack their tent on their own prior to a camping trip.
All medications must be given to an adult leader.

Parent’s Guide to Grocery Shopping

So you’ve drawn the short straw and will be taking your son to buy groceries for his patrol’s next campout. Keep these simple guidelines in mind as you stroll the aisles at your favorite grocery store:

- Let your Scout do the shopping. While it’s okay to give him a ride to the store and a little free advice, he needs to choose the food and make the decisions.

- Follow the patrol’s plan. At least six days before the campout, the patrol is supposed to develop a menu and shopping list for your son to use. Our menu-planner worksheet, which is available in the Outing Binder and on the troop Web site, can help facilitate the planning process. If you have questions regarding the patrol’s plan, call the Patrol Leader.

- Make sure you know how many people to shop for. Again, six days before the campout, the patrol should have a firm head count.

- Shop early. Part of the logic behind the six day policy is to give you several weeknights on which to shop. You shouldn’t have to shop the day of the campout.

- Plan to spend between $9 and $12 per Scout for a weekend campout. That includes a Friday cracker barrel, three meals on Saturday, and breakfast on Sunday. For longer or shorter trips, adjust accordingly.

- Don’t overbuy items like milk, fruit, and vegetables. While we want our Scouts to eat right – and we strongly encourage them to plan balanced menus – the fact is that we end up throwing away a lot of healthy stuff on Sunday.

- Don’t buy things we already have. Your son should check supplies in the Scout room before going shopping; we occasionally have items left over from previous campouts that can be reused.

- Control costs. You can do this by purchasing store brands, avoiding individually packaged items, and picking raw ingredients over prepared foods. Shopping at discounters, like Sam’s Club will usually do the most to limit expenses.

- Pick up the grub box the night before the campout from Watkins or Hunter. Pack non-perishables in the tubs and store perishables in the refrigerator ready to be packed right before leaving.

- Don’t worry. Since the Boy Scouts of America was founded in 1910, there have been absolutely no recorded cases of Scouts starving to death on a weekend campout.

Backpack Weight – What to Carry

Parents are encouraged to help their son prepare for the first few trips and, later, if he is struggling. However, do not take over the job for them. If he doesn't start out by doing it himself, he will continue to rely on us (even if we are clueless <snicker>) and will be totally lost when he is on his own.

Loading a backpack is a blend of science & art. You learn primarily by trial & error. Our goal is to reduce the number of significant errors before they are made and let Scouts learn from their minor mistakes while they are safe and fairly comfortable. Do not overpack! A bad experience due to overloading on the first trip can sometimes be tough to overcome. To date, no Scout has died of starvation on a two or three day outing! Here are a few guidelines to keep in mind:

- Max total "wet" weight (including food, water, patrol equip) = 25-30% of body weight

- 25% for less experienced hikers, 30% for more experienced and/or athletic

- Where you fall in this range will be up to you

- Experienced boys can sometimes exceed 30%, but…

- Absolute max we weight, regardless of bodyweight = 50lbs

- Plan on 2 pounds of food per day (high calorie/weight ratio)

- 2 L water is preferred, 1L required

There is a Backpack Organizer spreadsheet on the web page. You can use the first few columns to calculate weight and excess for your pack. After you calculate what your weight before patrol equipment will be, you will be assigned an appropriate share of your patrol’s equipment to carry. Planning ahead with the organizer will improve your chances of being comfortable and enjoying the environment. If you fill out the organizer worksheet, print a copy and bring it with you to the pack weigh-in meeting to help evaluate. Here's the spreadsheet link: http://www.geocities.com/troop212bsa/backpack.xls

Backpacking Food

Some hints

Amount - Plan for 2lbs food per day; 2.5lbs per day in cold weather or short trips

Contingencies - Take extra food (e.g. 1 extra meal on weekenders, extra snacks on day hike)

Daily treat - throw in a little something special for a lift each day (eg after-dinner chocolate bar, something fresh)

Snacks - Have a snack handy at all times. Eat often.

Snack type - Snacks high in complex carbs (dried fruit, cereal bars, crackers) give faster & longer energy boost than sugary ones

Freeze dried - read instructions & ingredients; know the steps and extra food needed;

Pre-packaged - Remember, “serves 2” often really feeds 1 when you're hungry from walking all day

Bad weather - Pack at least 1 "no cook" dinner - for a weekender, make your extra meal a "no cook".

Easy calories - Look for quick-cooking, dried or freeze-dried foods with high calorie-to-weight ratio - pastas, rice cereals, fruits

Amount - 1/4 lb pasta + sauce is good start; add a side soup and/or dessert

Protein - Add a package or can of chicken, tuna, ham or salami to pasta for protein boost

Weight mgmt - Remove unnecessary packaging; put in ziploc bags; cut out instructions & put in bag; label bags

Glass - Absolutely no glass allowed

Share – Share recipes, trade portions, offer tastes, share opinions with others. Learn from others' (read Max's) mistakes

Stoves - Patrols have 2 burners - 1 to boil water, 1 to cook - think ahead, be considerate when cooking (or buy your own stove)

Foods to consider

Snacks

Custom-made "GORP" or "trash" – your own mix of: raisins, nuts, dried fruit, M&Ms, granola, pretzels …

Prepackaged trail or fruit mix

Candy bar

Energy bar

Granola bar

Crackers

Beef jerky

Apple

Fruit roll ups

Lunches (no cook)

Cheese & crackers (gouda keeps well)

Peanut butter & jelly, honey, apple butter (fast food packets) on crackers

Tuna/chicken/smoked oysters & crackers (keep a thumb can opener handy)

Summer sausage or salami

Pre-packaged school lunch thingies

Bagel

Snacks

Candy bar

Dinners

Freeze dried "just add water" meals (read labels, Great Outdoors, Dicks, Campmor, REI, Cabelas)

Ramen - use as main noodle dish or side soup

Packaged noodle & sauce dishes (Lipton, Knorr, etc)

Mac&cheese

Spaghetti + combo of sauce, meat, or cheese

Sauces – alfredo, pesto, parmagiana, (Knorr, Lipton…)

Instant rice (takes less water) many flavors available

Stuffing mix

Instant potatoes

Packaged chicken, tuna, salmon – add to carbs above

Dessert

Add-water apple cobbler - yum!

Hot chocolate

Candy bar treat

Café mocha

Granola bar

Powdered cider

Breakfast

Instant oatmeal with fruit

Granola cereals

Dried fruit

Hot chocolate

Powdered milk

Hard-boiled egg

Prepackaged add-water meals

Add-water apple cobbler

Packing a Backpack

Pack clothes, food, and other items that must stay dry in ziploc bags. Line the inside of the pack with a garbage bag. In the event of rain, use a pack cover, a garbage bag or a poncho to cover pack. This provides a triple protection against moisture. Orange colored pack covers are good to have during hunting season.

There is a very good packing guide here:

REI - How to Pack a Backpack

Cold Weather

The layer system is an efficient way to dress for maintaining a safe and comfortable temperature. Cotton is not considered practical for wilderness experience. As far as natural fibers go, wool and down are still effective and widely used. Synthetic fibers like polypropylene, Thinsulate, Goretex, Hollofil, and Polarguard are generally very effective. The basic idea is that layers of clothing create dead air space, reducing radiative heat loss.

Body Layer - Long underwear made of Polypro, Thermax, etc, works well as a warmth retainer and keeps moisture away from the skin. There are different weights available, light and medium. The different weights can be worn as layers if needed.

Warmth Layer - Pile and Wool are the most effective warmth layers. The advantage of pile is that it dries very quickly. There are various styles and weights of pile garments. In extreme conditions, this layer should be used for both the upper and lower body. Otherwise, many prefer to use long underwear along with an outer layer for the leg layers.

Outer Shell - This serves as wind and rain gear. The best way to be prepared for windy and wet weather is to have a pant and jacket combination, along with a parka. The jacket is primarily for wind and light rain, while the pants and parka are great for driving rain. A pant and jacket made of Gortex or other breathable fabric allows for better thermal control in rainy but warm conditions.

Head - A wool or synthetic fiber hat that can cover the ears should be packed during any season. A baseball cap is good for moderate temps and sun protection.

Hands - Wool or synthetic gloves or mittens. Even hand garments can be layered in extreme cold.

Feet - Wool socks are a must. A polypro liner can add comfort, control moisture, and prevent blisters caused by friction.

Other keys

- Staying warm requires an aggressive attitude towards cool climates and adverse conditions.

- Stay properly hydrated and nourished even when these tasks are inconvenient or unpleasant. A body that is 10% dehydrated will be 30-40% less efficient in heat production.

- Always be prepared to adjust layers on the trail and in camp. When you arrive at camp, take care of your clothing needs immediately.

- Keep spare clothing dry

- Change (to dry) clothes when temp drops, especially before sleep

- Watch out for hypothermia in others in wet and cold conditions

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